HIGHER EDUCATION AND QUALIFICATIONS:
1- The degree of B.Sc. Agricultural Science (Food Technology) in June, 1991 with general grade “V. Good”, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
2- The degree of Master in Agricultural Science (Dairy Science), the title of research being “Some Studies on Milk and Milk Products Preservation” in March 1997, Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
3- The Degree of Doctore of Philosophy in Agricultural Science (Dairy Science), the title of research being “Manufacture of Hard Cheese from Different Types of Milk” in August 2001, Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
JOP:
Occupation: Professor
Department: Dairy Technology Department, El-Serwe Station of Animal Production Research, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.
Specialization: Dairy Science & Technology.
PREVIOUS OCCUPATIONS:
Lecture in training courses on:
1- Teaching about the importance of nutrition of milk and dairy products.
2- Different methods for high quality milk production.
3- Various home dairy industries.
4- New techniques for dairy products manufacture.
5- Domiati cheese manufacture from pasteurized milk.
6- Production of Kariesh cheese, cream and butter.
EXPERIENCE:
1- Experience of milk and dairy products technology.
2- Experience of chemical analysis of milk and dairy products.
3- Experience of microbiological analysis of milk and dairy products.
4- Experience of teaching of milk and dairy products courses as a result of working as a lecture in milk and dairy products training courses in Dairy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS:
a - Papers:
- Effect of adding some chemical preservatives on the keeping quality of raw milk produced under farm conditions. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 23 (1):255-277, 1998.
- Effect of certain preservatives on the properties of Domiati cheese. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 23(1): 295-304, 1998.
- Effect of adding some preservatives on certain groups of microorganisms contaminating raw buffaloe’s and cow’s milk. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 23 (1): 305-324, 1998.
- Incorporation of buttermilk with other milks in Ras cheese production: Ι. Buffaloe’s milk using two types of rennet. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 27(6): 3953-3966, 2002.
- Incorporation of unsalted sour buttermilk with other milks in Ras cheese production: Π. Admixture of buffaloe’s and cow’s milk using liquid rennet or formase. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 27(6): 3967-3980, 2002.
- Incorporation of unsalted sour buttermilk with other milks in Ras cheese production: Ш. Admixture of buffaloe’s and goat’s milk using liquid calf rennet or formase. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 27(6): 3981-3994, 2002.
- Effect of feeding formaldehyde treated dietary on some chemical properties of Domiati cheese made from cow’s milk. The 1st Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt, 1-3 October 2002.
- Effect of milk type and coagulant on physical properties, yield, chemical composition and organoleptic properties of Kareish cheese. Egypt J. Appl. Sci., 18 (8), 2003.
- Effect of draining method on the quality of Kareish cheese. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 28 (10): 7365-7374, 2003.
- Effect of fortification with zinc, iron and ascorbic acid on the chemical, microbiological and organoleptic properties of buffalo’s milk bio-yoghurt. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 29 (1): 237-251. 2004.
- Effect of adding some herbs to goat feed on the chemical, microbiological and organoleptic properties of Domiati cheese. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 29 (1): 253-263. 2004.
- Evaluation of methods used for examination of Domiati cheese. The 9th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology “Milk and Dairy Products for a Healthy Future”, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 9-11 October 2004.
- Effect of some heat treatments on the quality of Edam cheese made from buffalo’s milk. The 9th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology “Milk and Dairy Products for a Healthy Future”, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt, 9-11 October 2004.
- Effect of feeding some medicinal plants on the properties of goat’s milk cream. Egyptian J., Dairy Sci., 32(2): 367-376, 2004.
15. Chemical, microbial and organoleptical properties of Domiatti cheese made using Boatey cans. 2nd International Conference, "Future Trends in Food Science and Nutrition ," NRC, Cairo, Egypt. 27-29: Nov.2005.
- Manufacture of Domiati cheese from reconstituted skim milk and different types of cream. Egyptian J. Dairy Sci., 33: 247-259, 2005.
17. Effect of using Glucono-Delta-Lactone as acidulant on the chemical and rheological properties of Mozzarella cheese made from different types of milk. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 31 (4) 2006.
18. Manufacture of Mozzarella cheese using glucono-delta-lactone. The 10th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology, 415-432, 2007.
19. Chemical, rheological and organoleptical properties of Mozzarella cheese made from goat’s milk and whey proteins. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 33(6): 4321-4338, 2008.
20. Effect of adding CaCl2 or whey protein to cow’s milk on Mozzarella cheese properties. The 4th Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt, 10-14 November 2008.
21. Effect of cold storage and mixing various lactations of buffaloe’s and cow’s milk on some properties of yoghurt. J. Agric., Sci., Mansoura Univ., 33 (7):5141-5151. 2008.
- Use of whey protein in Mozzarella cheese manufacture. Milk Conference, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences and Society of Dairy (Milchwissenschaft) Vienna, Austria, 17-18 September 2009.
23. Effect of moisture content on the quality of processed cheese spread. Egyptian J. Dairy Sci., 37: 255-262, 2009.
- Impact of cold storage and blending different lactations of cow’s milk on the quality of Domiati cheese. African J. Food Sci., 4 (6) 2010.
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Influence of cold storage and addition of various lactations on properties of buffalo’s and cow’s milk. African J. Food Sci., 4 (9) 2010.
- Effect of ruminal degradability of crude protein and non structural carbohydrates on the performance of lactating goats. 2. Feed digestibility, some blood constituents and milk production and its composition. J. Animal and Poultry Prod., Mansoura Univ., 35, 2010.
- Utilization of buttermilk in Halloumi cheese manufacture. The 11th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology, Cairo, Egypt. 1-3 November 2010.
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Improvement of low fat Mozzarella cheese properties using denatured whey protein. International J. Dairy Tech., 64, 2011.
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The Status of the Cold Chain for Dairy Distribution in the MENA Region. Expert Consultation Meeting on the Status and Challenges of the Cold Chain for Food Handling in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Regional Office for the Near East, Cairo, Egypt, July 5-7, 2011.
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Small-Scale Dairy Sector in Egypt. Expert Consultation Meeting on Small-Scale Dairy Sector Development for Countries in the Oriental Near East. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 13-14 July 2011, Cairo, Egypt.
- Adding essences or vegetable pickles to goat’s milk to improve the quality of soft cheese made it. J. Animal Production Advances, 2(2): 114-120, 2012.
- Quality of soft cheese made with goat's milk as affected with the addition of certain essences. J. Animal Production Advances, 2(2): 121-127, 2012.
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Effect of adding denatured whey proteins to cheese milk or cheese curd on some properties of Ras cheese. Egyptian J. Dairy Sci., 40 (1): 59-66, 2012.
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The use of a blend of milk ingredients and different palm oil fractions in processed cheese form. J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 38 (12): 2012.
- Improvement of white cheese spread properties. 1- Comparative study. J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 4(5): 223-234, 2013.
- Improvement of white cheese spread properties. 2. Adding of some flavouring agents. J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 4(5): 235-245, 2013.
- Effect of supplementation with olive oil on some properties of bio-yoghurt. The Asia Journal of Applied Microbiology, 1(4): 66-77, 2014.
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Using of honey and olive oil in production of synbiotic yoghurt. J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 5(9): 653-666, 2014.
- Effect of fortification with whey protein on the chemical, microbial and organoleptical properties of Labneh. J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 5(11): 751-762, 2014.
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Production of probiotic low fat Labneh by using exopolysaccacharide-producing strains. Egyptian J. Dairy Sci., 43(1), 41-51, 2015.
- The impact of partial replacement of milk protein concentrates by acid whey proteins and adding bifidobacteria on some properties of functional analogue Feta cheese. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 2(1): 10-20, 2015.
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Effect of adding smoke liquid or powder to goat’s milk on some characteristics of Domiatti cheese. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 2(2): 47-56, 2015.
- Improvement of nutritional and healthy values of yoghurt by fortification with rutub date. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Science. 4 (5) 398-406, 2015.
- Effect of adding smoke liquid or powder to pickling whey on some properties of Domiatti cheese made from goat’s milk. Carpathian Journal of Food Science and Technology, 7(2): 124-136. 2015.
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Impact of fortification with honey on some properties of bio-yoghurt. Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Food Science. 4 (6) 503-508, 2015.
- Chemical composition, sensory evaluation, rheological properties and starter activity of admixtures of buffalo’s, cow’s and soymilk. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 2(4): 119-127, 2015.
- Effect of adding liquid smoke or powder to skim milk on some properties of the resultant Kareish cheese. Egyptian J. Dairy Sci. (Supplement, presented in the 12th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology, Cairo, Egypt. 9-11 November 2015, pp 141-156).
- Effect of fortification with texturized soy protein on the chemical, microbial and sensorial attributes of Labneh made for goat's milk. Egyptian J. Dairy Sci. (Supplement, presented in the 12th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology, Cairo, Egypt. 9-11 November 2015, 227-238).
- Chemical, Rheological, Microbial and Microstructural Characteristics of Jameed Made from Sheep, Goat and Cow Buttermilk or Skim Milk, American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 3(4): 46-55, 2016.
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A survey study on chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of industrial Rayeb milk produced in Egypt, J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 2 (7) 61-68, 2016.
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Chemical Composition, Sensory Evaluation, Starter Activity and Rheological Properties of Cow and Coconut Milk, J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 7 (6): 295- 298, 2016.
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Chemical composition, microbial properties and sensory evaluation of yoghurt made from admixture of buffalo, cow and soy milk. J. Food and Dairy Sci., Mansoura Univ., 7 (6): 299- 306, 2016.
- Chemical Composition, Sensory Evaluation and Starter Activity in Cow, Soy, Peanut and Rice Milk. Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Engineering, 5(3): 00175, 2016.
b - Issues:
- Bulletin on “Domiati cheese Manufacture”, Central Administration of Guidance, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture 2003.
- Bulletin on “Kareish cheese and Mish” Central Administration of Guidance, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture 2003.
- Bulletin on “Yoghurt and Labneh Making” Central Administration of Guidance, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture 2004.
- Paper on “Health and Nutrition Value of Milk and Dairy Products” The Agricultural Magazine (Egypt), 46, 2002.
- Paper on “Cheese and General Health”, The Agricultural Magazine (Egypt), 46, 2003.
- Paper on “Dairy Products Making Laboratory”, Agricultural Extension in New Land Magazine (Egypt). 40, April-May 2004.
- Paper on “Goat’s Milk and its Products”, The Agricultural Newspaper (Egypt), December, 59, 2004.
- Paper on "Milk…… grace marred by greed" Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt). vol., 20, January-February 2005.
- Paper on “Goats, the economic animals” Bovine & Ovine, Middle East & North Africa, (Lebanon) 11th year-Nbr 48- January/March 2005.
- Paper on “Manufacture of some Cultured Dairy Products” The Agricultural Newspaper (Egypt), 60, 2005.
- Paper on “Milk Products Manufacture, Small Project” The Agricultural Magazine (Egypt), 47, 2005.
- Paper on “The Liquid Commercial Rennet” Bovine & Ovine, Middle East & North Africa (Lebanon), 11th year-Nbr 53-54, October- December 2005.
- Paper on "Dairy goats... Brought a temporary service" Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt). vol., 20, November-December 2005.
- Paper on “Organic Animal Production” Agriculture and the Municipal Magazine (Qatar). 30, 2005.
- Book, “Production and Manufacture of Dairy in Arab World” (2005) Scientific Home, Cairo, Egypt.
- Paper on “Ras Cheese Manufacture” (2006). The Agricultural Magazine (Egypt), vol. 48, No. 568.March.
- Paper on "Food security and the new millennium" Agriculture and the Municipal Magazine (Qatar). 33, 2006.
- Paper on “800 Million hungry in the developing countries” Petrana Magazine (Jordan)-7, 2006.
- Paper on “The safety of milk in the summer” Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) -21, July: August 2006.
- Paper on “White revolution in Arab countries” Petrana Magazine (Jordan) -8, 2006.
- Paper on “Kareish cheese – The favorite cheese for consumer” The Agricultural Magazine (Egypt), 49, 532, 2007.
- Paper on "The importance of the dairy sector in the Arab World" Agriculture and the Municipal Magazine (Qatar). 36, 2007.
- Paper on "Constraints and problems of development of the Arab world milk production" Petrana Magazine (Jordan) - 10, 2007.
- Paper on “Food safety systems and protect Arab consumers” Scientific Bulletin of Adwia Co. – July 2007.
- Paper on "The reasons for low agricultural production in the Arab World" Eshraka Magazine (Egypt), 35, 2007.
- Paper on "Elements of agricultural development in the Arab World" Agriculture and the Municipal Magazine (Qatar). 37, 2007.
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Paper on "Ewe's milk products" The Agricultural Newspaper (Egypt), 62, 2007.
- Paper on "Take advantage of the by-products in dairy plants" The Agricultural Newspaper (Egypt), 63, 2008.
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Paper on "A good milk product and an appropriate profit margin ... two sides of the coin of the successful marketing" Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) - 54, May: June 2008.
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Paper on" Water - the forgotten but essential nutrient" Agriculture and the Municipal Magazine (Qatar). 38, 2008.
- Paper on "Feasibility study for the sale of milk and dairy products" Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) -55, March: April 2009.
- Paper on "Do you milk food for human or animal?" The Agricultural Magazine (Saudi Arabia) - Public Relations and Agricultural Information - Ministry of Agriculture Administration - Issue II - Volume 40 - May 2009.
- Paper on "Feasibility study for the production of yoghurt and labenh" Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) - 55, May: June 2009.
- Paper on "Food safety and consumer protection" Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar), Monday, June 2009.
- Paper on "Good food and a lack of nutrition" Petrana Magazine (Jordan) - vol., 15, September, 2009.
- Paper on "Agricultural Development in the Arab World" Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) -16 / July / 2009.
- Paper on "Food defects between the hammer of poverty and the anvil of the rich" - Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 6 / August /2009.
- Paper on "Use of Lactperoxidase system to preservation of milk farm" Bovine & Ovine, Middle East & North Africa (Lebanon), 83:84, July: September, 2009.
- Paper on "The project of producing white cheese"- Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) - vol., 55, September: October - 2009.
- Paper on "The conflict between animal production and the environment" - Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 15 / October /2009.
- Paper on "Privatization and its impact on development in the Arab World" - Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 22 / October / 2009.
- Paper on "Art of meat cooking for holiday and disease-free festival" - Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 26 / November/2009.
- Paper on "The project of producing cream and Karish cheese"- Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) - vol.55, November: December 2009.
- Paper on "Women food "- Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 24 / December /2009.
- Paper on "Food safety in Gaza"- Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) -7 / January /2010.
- Paper on "Milk .... food and healthy" - Petrana Magazine (Jordan)- 17 - February / 2010.
- Paper on "The situation of agriculture in the Arabian Gulf" - Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 17 / April / 2010.
- Paper on "Infant feeding" - Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) - 17 / June / 2010.
- Paper on "Cheese protection" - Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) – 56, July:August, 2010.
- Paper on "Fermented milk …..cure by food"- The Agriculture Magazine (Saudi Arabia) - Public Relations and Agricultural Information - Ministry of Agriculture Administration - Issue II, 41, 2010.
- Paper on "School students feeding"- Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) – 23/ September/ 2010.
- Paper on "Ice cream and summer"- Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) -56, September: October 2010.
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Paper on "Distinct dairy products from dried milk"- Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) -56, November: December, 2010.
- Paper on "Right nutrition for children"- Al-Sharq Newspaper, Economical Al-Sharq (Qatar) – 20/ January/2011.
- Paper on "Mish... traditional Egyptian food"- Agricultural Extension Magazine (Egypt) – 57, January: February, 2011.
- Paper on " Whey and permeate… substrates for vital industries" Agricultural Extension magazine (Egypt) – 57, May: June, 2011.
- Paper on "Cheese….twins of Egyptian table" Agricultural Extension in New Land Magazine (Egypt). 84, August- September 2011.
- Paper on "Cheese or deadly poison" Agricultural Extension in New Land Magazine (Egypt). 87, February- March, 2012.
CONFERENCE and SEMINARS:
Participation in:
1- The 1st Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt. (1-3 October 2002).
2- The 7th Arabic Conference on Food Science & Technology. The Egyptian Society of Food Science & Technology, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Cairo, Egypt. (17-19 December, 2002).
3- The 1st International Conference of the Division of Food Industries and Nutrition. Food Technology and Nutrition Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt. (18-20 October 2003).
4- The 9th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology. The Egyptian Society of Dairy Science, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Cairo, Egypt, (9-11 October 2004).
5- The 2nd Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt. (22-24 March 2005).
6- A seminar entitled "whey between waste and investment" - Office of Environmental Commitment - The Union of Egyptian Industries - Ministry of Industry and Technological Development – Cairo, Egypt ( 5/January 2005).
7- A seminar entitled "Towards an integrated research plan dairy field" - Faculty of Agriculture - Suez Canal University, Egyptian Society of Dairy Science – Ismailia, Egypt (28/ March, 2005).
8- The 2nd Conference of Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture , Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh. Egypt.( 27-29 September 2005).
9- The 2nd International Conference of the Division of Food Industries and Nutrition. Food Technology and Nutrition Research Division, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt, (27-29 November 2005).
10- The 3rd Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt. (19-23 November 2006).
11- The 10th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology. The Egyptian Society of Dairy Science, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Cairo, Egypt, (19-21 November 2007).
12- The 4th Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt. (10-14 November 2008).
13- Workshop for the dairy industry "Applications of palm oil in the dairy industry" - May 11, 2010 - Malaysian Palm Oil Council - Mansoura - Dakahlia Governorate – Egypt.
14- The 5th Arab Mansoura Conference of Food and Dairy Science & Technology. Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura, Egypt. (18-22 October 2010).
15- The 11th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology. The Egyptian Society of Dairy Science, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Cairo, Egypt, (1-3 November 2010).
16- Expert Consultation Meeting on the Status of the Cold Chain in the Food Sector in the Near East Region. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Cairo, Egypt, 5-7 July 2011.
17- Expert Consultation Meeting on Small-Scale Dairy Sector Development for Countries in the Oriental Near East, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Cairo, Egypt, 12-14 July 2011.
18- The 12th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology. The Egyptian Society of Dairy Science and Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Cairo, Egypt, (9-11 November 2015).
SCIENTIFIC SOCIETIES:
Participation in :
1- The Egyptian Society of Dairy Science.
2- The Arab Society for Biotechnology.
AWARDS:
1. The best poster from the 10th Egyptian Conference for Dairy Science & Technology. The Egyptian Society of Dairy Science, Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture and Egyptian Academy of Scientific Research and Technology. Cairo, Egypt, (19-21 November 2007).
TRAINING AND EXTENSION ACTIVITY:
1- Lectures in course of "The different methods for hygiene milk production", El-Serwe Station of Animal Production Research, Institute of Animal Production Research, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture.
2- Lectures in course of "Various dairy industries", El-Serwe Station of Animal Production Research, Institute of Animal Production Research, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture.
3- Lectures in course of "New trends in dairy products manufacturing", El-Serwe Station of Animal Production Research, Institute of Animal Production Research, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture.
4- Lectures in course of "Using pasteurized milk in Domiati cheese manufacture", El-Serwe Station of Animal Production Research, Institute of Animal Production Research, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture.
5- Lectures in course of "Karish cheese, cream and butter production", El-Serwe Station of Animal Production Research, Institute of Animal Production Research, Center of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture.
6- Lectures in course of "Milk and dairy products", (2003) Rehabilitation program of young graduates, Domiat Governorate.
7- Lectures in course of "Skills development and how to develop Domiatti cheese industry" (2003), Egypt State Information service, Ministry of Information.
8- Lectures in course of "Domiatti cheese and yoghurt production" (2004), Ministry of Industry.
9- Lectures in course of "Hygiene milk production", (2009), Ministry of Agriculture.
10- Lectures in course of "Manufacture of dairy products" Ministry of Trade and Industry - Minya – Egypt- April: May 2010.